BOOKS - Making the European Monetary Union
Making the European Monetary Union - Harold James November 19, 2012 PDF  BOOKS
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Making the European Monetary Union
Author: Harold James
Year: November 19, 2012
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 4.0 MB
Language: English



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Making the European Monetary Union: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigm Introduction The book "Making the European Monetary Union" by Harold James offers a comprehensive exploration of the underlying causes of the current financial crisis in Europe, delving into the historical context and political dynamics that have shaped the European monetary system since the 1960s. The author argues that the crisis cannot be solely attributed to the Euro, but rather it stems from a series of unresolved issues that were debated during the creation of the single currency. This article will provide a detailed description of the plot, focusing on the need to understand the technological process of developing modern knowledge and the possibility of developing a personal paradigm for perceiving the evolution of technology as the basis for human survival and unity in a warring state. Plot Summary The book begins by highlighting the two conundrums that Europeans faced in the 1960s: the dollar's dominant position in the international monetary system and Germany's persistent current account surpluses within Europe. In response, the Euro was created with the primary goal of achieving price stability through a politically independent central bank. However, other essential prerequisites for stability, such as fiscal rules and Europe-wide banking supervision and regulation, were left in the hands of member states, leading to decades of friction between politicians and technocrats.
Making the European Monetary Union: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigm Introduction Книга Гарольда Джеймса «Making the European Monetary Union» предлагает всестороннее исследование первопричин текущего финансового кризиса в Европе, углубляясь в исторический контекст и политическую динамику, которые сформировали европейскую валютную систему с 1960-х годов. Автор утверждает, что кризис нельзя приписать исключительно евро, скорее он проистекает из ряда нерешенных вопросов, которые обсуждались во время создания единой валюты. В данной статье будет представлено подробное описание сюжета, акцентирующее внимание на необходимости понимания технологического процесса развития современных знаний и возможности выработки личностной парадигмы восприятия эволюции технологий как основы выживания и единства человека в воюющем государстве. Краткое изложение сюжета Книга начинается с освещения двух головоломок, с которыми европейцы столкнулись в 1960-х годах: доминирующего положения доллара в международной валютной системе и постоянного профицита текущего счета Германии в Европе. В ответ евро был создан с основной целью достижения стабильности цен через политически независимый центральный банк. Однако другие существенные предпосылки для стабильности, такие как фискальные правила и общеевропейский банковский надзор и регулирование, были оставлены в руках государств-членов, что привело к десятилетиям трений между политиками и технократами.
Making the European Monetary Union : A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigm Introduction livre de Harold James, « Making the European Monetary Union », propose une étude approfondie des causes profondes de la crise financière actuelle en Europe dans le contexte historique et les dynamiques politiques qui ont façonné le système monétaire européen depuis les années 1960. L'auteur affirme que la crise ne peut pas être attribuée uniquement à l'euro, mais plutôt à un certain nombre de questions en suspens qui ont été discutées lors de la création de la monnaie unique. Cet article présentera une description détaillée de l'histoire, mettant l'accent sur la nécessité de comprendre le processus technologique du développement des connaissances modernes et la possibilité d'élaborer un paradigme personnel de la perception de l'évolution de la technologie comme base de la survie et de l'unité de l'homme dans un État en guerre. Résumé de l'histoire livre commence par mettre en lumière deux énigmes rencontrées par les Européens dans les années 1960 : la position dominante du dollar dans le système monétaire international et l'excédent constant du compte courant de l'Allemagne en Europe. En réponse, l'euro a été créé dans le but principal de parvenir à la stabilité des prix par l'intermédiaire d'une banque centrale politiquement indépendante. Toutefois, d'autres conditions essentielles à la stabilité, telles que les règles fiscales et la surveillance et la réglementation paneuropéenne des banques, ont été laissées aux États membres, ce qui a entraîné des décennies de frictions entre les politiques et les technocrates.
Making the European Monetary Union: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigm Introduction de Harold James «Making the European Monetary Union» propone un estudio exhaustivo de las causas profundas de la actual crisis financiera en , profundizando en el contexto histórico y las dinámicas políticas que han dado forma al sistema monetario europeo desde la década de 1960. autor sostiene que la crisis no puede atribuirse exclusivamente al euro, sino que se deriva de una serie de cuestiones pendientes que se debatieron durante la creación de la moneda única. Este artículo proporcionará una descripción detallada de la trama, centrándose en la necesidad de comprender el proceso tecnológico del desarrollo del conocimiento moderno y la posibilidad de generar un paradigma personal para percibir la evolución de la tecnología como la base de la supervivencia y la unidad del hombre en un Estado en guerra. Resumen de la trama libro comienza con la cobertura de dos puzzles que los europeos enfrentaron en la década de 1960: la posición dominante del dólar en el sistema monetario internacional y el superávit de cuenta corriente constante de Alemania en . En respuesta, el euro se creó con el objetivo principal de lograr la estabilidad de precios a través de un banco central políticamente independiente. n embargo, otros requisitos esenciales para la estabilidad, como las normas fiscales y la supervisión y regulación de la banca paneuropea, quedaron en manos de los Estados miembros, lo que llevó a décadas de fricción entre políticos y tecnócratas.
Making the European Monetary Union: A Study of Technological Evolution and Personal Paradigm Introduction Harold James'Buch „Making the European Monetary Union“ bietet eine umfassende Untersuchung der Ursachen der aktuellen Finanzkrise in , indem er in den historischen Kontext und die politische Dynamik eintaucht, die haben das europäische Währungssystem seit den 1960er Jahren geprägt. Der Autor argumentiert, dass die Krise nicht ausschließlich dem Euro zugeschrieben werden kann, sondern auf eine Reihe ungelöster Fragen zurückzuführen ist, die bei der Schaffung der einheitlichen Währung diskutiert wurden. In diesem Artikel wird eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Handlung vorgestellt, die sich auf die Notwendigkeit konzentriert, den technologischen Prozess der Entwicklung des modernen Wissens zu verstehen und ein persönliches Paradigma für die Wahrnehmung der Technologieentwicklung als Grundlage für das Überleben und die Einheit des Menschen in einem kriegführenden Staat zu entwickeln. Das Buch beginnt mit zwei Rätseln, mit denen die Europäer in den 1960er Jahren konfrontiert waren: der dominanten Stellung des Dollars im internationalen Währungssystem und Deutschlands konstantem istungsbilanzüberschuss in . Als Reaktion darauf wurde der Euro mit dem Hauptziel geschaffen, Preisstabilität durch eine politisch unabhängige Zentralbank zu erreichen. Andere wesentliche Voraussetzungen für Stabilität wie Haushaltsregeln und europaweite Bankenaufsicht und -regulierung blieben jedoch in den Händen der Mitgliedstaaten, was zu jahrzehntelangen Spannungen zwischen Politikern und Technokraten führte.
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Avrupa Para Birliğinin Oluşturulması: Teknolojik Evrim ve Kişisel Paradigma Üzerine Bir Çalışma Giriş Harold James'in Avrupa Para Birliğinin Oluşturulması adlı eseri, 1960'lardan itibaren Avrupa para sistemini oluşturan tarihsel bağlamı ve siyasi dinamikleri inceleyerek, Avrupa'daki mevcut finansal krizin temel nedenleri hakkında kapsamlı bir çalışma sunmaktadır. Yazar, krizin yalnızca avroya atfedilemeyeceğini, bunun yerine tek para biriminin oluşturulması sırasında tartışılan bir dizi çözülmemiş sorundan kaynaklandığını savunuyor. Bu makale, modern bilginin gelişiminin teknolojik sürecini anlama ihtiyacına ve teknolojinin evriminin, savaşan bir durumda bir kişinin hayatta kalması ve birliğinin temeli olarak algılanması için kişisel bir paradigma geliştirme olasılığına odaklanan, arsa hakkında ayrıntılı bir açıklama sunacaktır. Kitap, Avrupalıların 1960'larda karşılaştığı iki bulmacayı vurgulayarak başlıyor: Doların uluslararası para sistemindeki baskın konumu ve Almanya'nın Avrupa'daki cari hesap fazlası. Buna karşılık, euro, politik olarak bağımsız bir merkez bankası aracılığıyla fiyat istikrarını sağlama hedefiyle yaratıldı. Bununla birlikte, mali kurallar ve pan-Avrupa bankacılık denetimi ve düzenlemesi gibi istikrarın diğer temel ön koşulları, üye devletlerin elinde bırakılmış ve bu da politikacılar ve teknokratlar arasında on yıllarca süren sürtüşmelere yol açmıştır.
جعل الاتحاد النقدي الأوروبي: دراسة التطور التكنولوجي ومقدمة النموذج الشخصي يقدم هارولد جيمس جعل الاتحاد النقدي الأوروبي دراسة شاملة للأسباب الجذرية للأزمة المالية الحالية في أوروبا، والتعمق في السياق التاريخي والديناميكيات السياسية التي شكلت النظام النقدي الأوروبي من الستينيات. ويدفع صاحب البلاغ بأن الأزمة لا يمكن أن تُعزى إلى اليورو وحده، وإنما تنبع من عدد من المسائل التي لم تحل والتي نوقشت أثناء إنشاء العملة الموحدة. ستقدم هذه المقالة وصفًا مفصلاً للحبكة، مع التركيز على الحاجة إلى فهم العملية التكنولوجية لتطوير المعرفة الحديثة وإمكانية تطوير نموذج شخصي لتصور تطور التكنولوجيا كأساس لبقاء ووحدة شخص في حالة حرب. ملخص المؤامرة يبدأ الكتاب بتسليط الضوء على لغزين واجههما الأوروبيون في الستينيات: المركز المهيمن للدولار في النظام النقدي الدولي وفائض الحساب الجاري المستمر لألمانيا في أوروبا. رداً على ذلك، تم إنشاء اليورو بهدف أساسي يتمثل في تحقيق استقرار الأسعار من خلال بنك مركزي مستقل سياسياً. ومع ذلك، فإن المتطلبات الأساسية الأخرى للاستقرار، مثل القواعد المالية والإشراف والتنظيم المصرفي لعموم أوروبا، تُركت في أيدي الدول الأعضاء، مما أدى إلى عقود من الاحتكاك بين السياسيين والتكنوقراط.

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