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Bulls Markets: Chicago
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Bulls Markets: Chicago's Basketball Business and the New Inequality (Historical Studies of Urban America)
Author: Sean Dinces
Year: November 5, 2018
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 3.5 MB
Language: English



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Bulls Markets: Chicago's Basketball Business and the New Inequality In the 1990s, the Chicago Bulls were at the height of their glory, with historic championships and some of the greatest basketball players of all time, including Scottie Pippen and Michael Jordan. It was only fitting that city, county, and state officials would assist the team owners in constructing a state-of-the-art venue to house this incredible team, which was synonymous with Chicago. The United Center, the arena that was built, is the focus of Sean Dince's book, "Bulls Markets which provides an unvarnished look at the economic and political choices that forever reshaped one of America's largest cities, arguably for the worse. The construction of the United Center was fueled by promises of private funding and equitable revitalization in a long-blighted neighborhood. However, the effort was largely funded by municipal tax breaks that few ordinary Chicagoans knew about, and these breaks ultimately exacerbated the rising problems of gentrification and wealth stratification. As a result, the urban environment was regulated and surveilled for the comfort and protection of the wealthy elite, diminishing the experiences of fans and creating an unequal society.
Bulls Markets: Chicago's Basketball Business and the New Inequality В 1990-х годах «Чикаго Буллз» были на высоте своей славы, с историческими чемпионствами и одними из величайших баскетболистов всех времен, включая Скотти Пиппена и Майкла Джордана. Было только уместно, что городские, окружные и государственные чиновники помогут владельцам команд в строительстве современного места для размещения этой невероятной команды, которая была синонимом Чикаго. «Объединенный центр», арена, которая была построена, находится в центре внимания книги Шона Динса «Бычьи рынки», в которой представлен незапятнанный взгляд на экономические и политические выборы, которые навсегда изменили один из крупнейших городов Америки, возможно, в худшую сторону. Строительство «Объединенного центра» подпитывалось обещаниями частного финансирования и справедливого оживления в долгоиграющем районе. Тем не менее, усилия были в значительной степени профинансированы муниципальными налоговыми льготами, о которых мало кто из простых чикагцев знал, и эти льготы в конечном итоге усугубили растущие проблемы джентрификации и расслоения богатства. В результате городская среда регулировалась и обследовалась для комфорта и защиты богатой элиты, уменьшая опыт болельщиков и создавая неравное общество.
Bulls Markets : Chicago Basketball Business and the New Inequality Dans les années 1990, les Chicago Bulls étaient à la hauteur de leur gloire, avec des championnats historiques et certains des plus grands joueurs de basket-ball de tous les temps, dont Scotty Pippen et Michael Jordan. Il était juste approprié que les responsables de la ville, du comté et du gouvernement aident les propriétaires d'équipes à construire un endroit moderne pour accueillir cette équipe incroyable qui était synonyme de Chicago. United Center, l'arène qui a été construite, est au centre du livre de Sean Deans, « s marchés des taureaux », qui présente une vision immuable des élections économiques et politiques qui ont changé pour toujours l'une des plus grandes villes d'Amérique, peut-être pour le pire. La construction du Centre commun a été alimentée par des promesses de financement privé et de revitalisation équitable dans un quartier à long terme. Cependant, les efforts ont été largement financés par des crédits d'impôt municipaux, dont peu de gens connaissaient l'existence, et ces crédits ont finalement exacerbé les problèmes croissants de gentrification et de fragmentation de la richesse. En conséquence, l'environnement urbain a été réglementé et examiné pour le confort et la protection des élites riches, réduisant l'expérience des supporters et créant une société inégale.
Bulls Markets: Chicago's Basketball Business and the New Inequality En la década de 1990, los Chicago Bulls estaban a la altura de su fama, con campeonatos históricos y algunos de los mejores jugadores de baloncesto de todos los tiempos, incluidos Scotty Pippen y Michael Jordana. Solo era apropiado que funcionarios de la ciudad, del condado y del gobierno ayudaran a los dueños de los equipos a construir un lugar moderno para albergar a este increíble equipo que era sinónimo de Chicago. «Centro Unido», la arena que se construyó, está en el centro del libro de Sean Dince « mercados del toro», que presenta una visión sin tapujos de las elecciones económicas y políticas que cambiaron para siempre una de las ciudades más grandes de Estados Unidos, quizás para peor. La construcción del «Centro Conjunto» fue impulsada por promesas de financiación privada y una revitalización justa en una zona de larga duración. n embargo, los esfuerzos fueron financiados en gran medida con beneficios fiscales municipales de los que pocos de los ciudadanos comunes y corrientes de Chicago eran conscientes, y estos beneficios eventualmente exacerbaron los crecientes problemas de gentrificación y estratificación de la riqueza. Como resultado, el entorno urbano fue regulado y examinado para comodidad y protección de la élite rica, reduciendo la experiencia de los aficionados y creando una sociedad desigual.
Bulls Markets: Chicagos Basketball-Geschäft und die neue Unqualität In den 1990er Jahren waren die Chicago Bulls auf der Höhe ihres Ruhms, mit historischen Meisterschaften und einigen der größten Basketballspieler aller Zeiten, darunter Scottie Pippen und Michael Jordan. Es war nur passend, dass Stadt-, Bezirks- und Regierungsbeamte den Teambesitzern helfen würden, einen modernen Ort zu bauen, um dieses unglaubliche Team unterzubringen, das mit Chicago gleichbedeutend war. Das United Center, die Arena, die gebaut wurde, steht im Mittelpunkt von Sean Deans Buch Bullish Markets, das einen makellosen Blick auf die wirtschaftlichen und politischen Wahlen bietet, die eine der größten Städte Amerikas für immer verändert haben, vielleicht zum Schlechteren. Befeuert wurde der Bau des „Gemeinsamen Zentrums“ durch private Finanzierungsversprechen und eine faire Belebung im Dauerbrenner. Die Bemühungen wurden jedoch weitgehend durch kommunale Steuervergünstigungen finanziert, von denen nur wenige gewöhnliche Chicagoer wussten, und diese Vergünstigungen verschärften schließlich die wachsenden Probleme der Gentrifizierung und der Vermögensschichtung. Infolgedessen wurde die städtische Umgebung reguliert und untersucht, um die wohlhabende Elite zu schützen und zu schützen, die Erfahrung der Fans zu reduzieren und eine ungleiche Gesellschaft zu schaffen.
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Bulls Markets: Chicago's Basketball Business and the New Inequality 1990'larda Chicago Bulls, tarihi şampiyonluklar ve Scottie Pippen ve Michael Jordan da dahil olmak üzere tüm zamanların en büyük basketbolcularından bazıları ile şöhretlerinin zirvesindeydi. Sadece şehir, ilçe ve eyalet yetkililerinin, Chicago ile eşanlamlı olan bu inanılmaz takımı barındırmak için modern bir yer inşa etmede ekip sahiplerine yardımcı olacağı uygundu. İnşa edilen arena olan "United Center", Sean Deans'ın Amerika'nın en büyük şehirlerinden birini sonsuza dek, belki de daha da kötüsü için değiştiren ekonomik ve politik bir seçime lekesiz bir bakış sunan "Bull Markets'adlı kitabının odak noktasıdır. "Birleşik Merkez'in inşası, uzun süredir devam eden alanda özel finansman ve adil canlandırma vaatleriyle desteklendi. Yine de, bu çaba büyük ölçüde az sayıda sıradan Chicagolunun bildiği belediye vergi indirimleriyle finanse edildi ve bu faydalar nihayetinde artan soylulaştırma ve servet tabakalaşması sorunlarını daha da kötüleştirdi. Sonuç olarak, kentsel çevre, zengin seçkinlerin rahatlığı ve korunması, hayran deneyiminin azaltılması ve eşitsiz bir toplum yaratılması için düzenlenmiş ve araştırılmıştır.
Bulls Markets: Chicago's Basketball Business and the New Inquality في التسعينيات، كان فريق Chicago Bulls في ذروة شهرته، مع بطولات تاريخية وبعض أعظم لاعبي كرة السلة في كل العصور، بما في ذلك سكوتي بيبن ومايكل جوردان. كان من المناسب فقط أن يساعد مسؤولو المدينة والمقاطعة والولاية مالكي الفريق في بناء موقع حديث لإيواء هذا الفريق المذهل الذي كان مرادفًا لشيكاغو. "يونايتد سنتر"، الساحة التي تم بناؤها، هي محور كتاب شون دينز "Bull Markets'، والذي يقدم نظرة غير ملوثة على الانتخابات الاقتصادية والسياسية التي غيرت إلى الأبد واحدة من أكبر مدن أمريكا، ربما للأسوأ. كان بناء «المركز المتحد» مدفوعًا بوعود بالتمويل الخاص والتنشيط العادل في المنطقة الطويلة. ومع ذلك، تم تمويل هذا الجهد إلى حد كبير من خلال الإعفاءات الضريبية البلدية التي يعرفها عدد قليل من سكان شيكاغو العاديين، وقد أدت هذه الفوائد في النهاية إلى تفاقم المشاكل المتزايدة للتحسين وطبقات الثروة. ونتيجة لذلك، تم تنظيم البيئة الحضرية واستطلاعها من أجل راحة وحماية النخبة الثرية، مما قلل من تجربة المعجبين وخلق مجتمع غير متكافئ.

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