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The Purpose of the First World War: War Aims and Military Strategies (Schriften des Historischen Kollegs Book 91) - Holger Afflerbach July 1, 2015 PDF  BOOKS
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The Purpose of the First World War: War Aims and Military Strategies (Schriften des Historischen Kollegs Book 91)
Author: Holger Afflerbach
Year: July 1, 2015
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 2.9 MB
Language: English



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The Purpose of the First World War: War Aims and Military Strategies The First World War, also known as the Great War, was one of the deadliest conflicts in human history, with nearly fourteen million people losing their lives. However, despite the devastating consequences, many contemporaries saw the war as a pointless carnage, with Pope Benedict XV calling it "a needless slaughter" in 1917. But why did the political and military decision-makers continue to fight, despite the mounting casualties? This question is at the heart of the book "The Purpose of the First World War: War Aims and Military Strategies edited by the Historischen Kolleg, which seeks to understand the reasons behind the war and the motivations of the main belligerent countries. The book brings together twelve international specialists who analyze the hopes and expectations of the political and military leaders of the main belligerent countries, and how these aspirations shaped the course of the conflict. The authors show that the war aims adopted during the First World War were not the cause of the conflict, but rather a reaction to it - an attempt to give the tragedy a purpose, even if it meant continuing to fight until victory.
Цель Первой мировой войны: военные цели и военные стратегии Первая мировая война, также известная как Великая война, была одним из самых смертоносных конфликтов в истории человечества: почти четырнадцать миллионов человек погибли. Однако, несмотря на разрушительные последствия, многие современники видели в войне бессмысленную бойню, а папа Бенедикт XV в 1917 году назвал её «ненужной бойней». Но почему лица, принимающие политические и военные решения, продолжали сражаться, несмотря на растущие жертвы? Этот вопрос лежит в основе книги «Цель Первой мировой войны: военные цели и военные стратегии» под редакцией Historischen Kolleg, которая стремится понять причины войны и мотивы основных воюющих стран. Книга объединяет двенадцать международных специалистов, которые анализируют надежды и ожидания политических и военных лидеров основных воюющих стран, и то, как эти стремления сформировали ход конфликта. Авторы показывают, что военные цели, принятые во время Первой мировой войны, были не причиной конфликта, а скорее реакцией на него - попыткой придать трагедии цель, даже если это означало продолжение борьбы до победы.
Objectif de la Première Guerre mondiale : objectifs et stratégies militaires La Première Guerre mondiale, aussi connue sous le nom de Grande Guerre, a été l'un des conflits les plus meurtriers de l'histoire de l'humanité, avec près de quatorze millions de morts. Mais malgré les conséquences dévastatrices, de nombreux contemporains ont vu dans la guerre un carnage inutile, et le pape Benoît XV l'a qualifiée de « carnage inutile » en 1917. Mais pourquoi les décideurs politiques et militaires ont-ils continué à se battre malgré les sacrifices croissants ? Cette question est au cœur du livre « but de la Première Guerre mondiale : objectifs militaires et stratégies militaires », édité par Historischen Kolleg, qui cherche à comprendre les causes de la guerre et les motivations des principaux pays belligérants. livre réunit douze spécialistes internationaux qui analysent les espoirs et les attentes des dirigeants politiques et militaires des principaux pays belligérants et la façon dont ces aspirations ont façonné le cours du conflit. s auteurs montrent que les objectifs militaires adoptés pendant la Première Guerre mondiale n'étaient pas la cause du conflit, mais plutôt une réaction - une tentative de donner un but à la tragédie, même si cela signifiait la poursuite de la lutte jusqu'à la victoire.
Objetivo de la Primera Guerra Mundial: objetivos militares y estrategias militares La Primera Guerra Mundial, también conocida como la Gran Guerra, fue uno de los conflictos más mortíferos de la historia de la humanidad: casi catorce millones de personas murieron. n embargo, a pesar de las devastadoras consecuencias, muchos contemporáneos vieron la guerra como una carnicería sin sentido, y el papa Benedicto XV la calificó en 1917 de «matanza innecesaria». Pero, por qué los responsables políticos y militares siguieron luchando a pesar de los crecientes sacrificios? Esta cuestión está en el centro del libro «objetivo de la Primera Guerra Mundial: objetivos militares y estrategias militares», editado por Historischen Kolleg, que busca comprender las causas de la guerra y los motivos de los principales países en guerra. libro reúne a doce especialistas internacionales que analizan las esperanzas y expectativas de los líderes políticos y militares de los principales países en guerra, y cómo estas aspiraciones dieron forma al curso del conflicto. autores demuestran que los objetivos militares adoptados durante la Primera Guerra Mundial no fueron la causa del conflicto, sino más bien la reacción a él - un intento de darle un objetivo a la tragedia, aunque significara continuar la lucha hasta la victoria.
Obiettivo della prima guerra mondiale: obiettivi militari e strategie militari La prima guerra mondiale, conosciuta anche come la Grande Guerra, è stato uno dei conflitti più letali nella storia dell'umanità, con quasi quattordici milioni di morti. Tuttavia, nonostante le devastanti conseguenze, molti contemporanei hanno visto una carneficina inutile nella guerra, e papa Benedetto XV nel 1917 l'ha definita «un massacro inutile». Ma perché i responsabili delle decisioni politiche e militari hanno continuato a combattere, nonostante i sacrifici crescenti? La questione è alla base del libro «Obiettivo della prima guerra mondiale: obiettivi militari e strategie militari», redatto da Historischen Kolleg, che cerca di comprendere le ragioni della guerra e le ragioni dei principali paesi in guerra. Il libro riunisce dodici esperti internazionali che analizzano le speranze e le aspettative dei leader politici e militari dei principali paesi in guerra e il modo in cui queste aspirazioni hanno formato il corso del conflitto. Gli autori dimostrano che gli obiettivi militari adottati durante la Prima Guerra Mondiale non erano la causa del conflitto, ma piuttosto la reazione al conflitto, il tentativo di dare uno scopo alla tragedia, anche se ciò significava continuare a lottare fino alla vittoria.
Das Ziel des Ersten Weltkriegs: militärische Ziele und militärische Strategien Der Erste Weltkrieg, auch als Großer Krieg bekannt, war einer der tödlichsten Konflikte der Menschheitsgeschichte: Fast vierzehn Millionen Menschen starben. Trotz der verheerenden Folgen sahen viele Zeitgenossen den Krieg als sinnloses Massaker an, und Papst Benedikt XV. nannte ihn 1917 ein „unnötiges Massaker“. Aber warum kämpften die politischen und militärischen Entscheidungsträger trotz wachsender Opfer weiter? Diese Frage steht im Mittelpunkt des Buches „Das Ziel des Ersten Weltkriegs: Militärische Ziele und militärische Strategien“, herausgegeben vom Historischen Kolleg, das die Ursachen des Krieges und die Motive der wichtigsten kriegführenden Länder zu verstehen sucht. Das Buch bringt zwölf internationale Experten zusammen, die die Hoffnungen und Erwartungen der politischen und militärischen Führer der wichtigsten kriegführenden Länder analysieren und wie diese Bestrebungen den Verlauf des Konflikts geprägt haben. Die Autoren zeigen, dass die während des Ersten Weltkriegs angenommenen militärischen Ziele nicht die Ursache des Konflikts waren, sondern die Reaktion darauf - der Versuch, der Tragödie ein Ziel zu geben, auch wenn dies bedeutete, den Kampf bis zum eg fortzusetzen.
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I. Dünya Savaşı Hedefi: Askeri Hedefler ve Askeri Stratejiler Büyük Savaş olarak da bilinen I. Dünya Savaşı, yaklaşık on dört milyon ölümle insanlık tarihindeki en ölümcül çatışmalardan biriydi. Ancak, yıkıcı sonuçlara rağmen, birçok çağdaşı savaşta anlamsız bir katliam gördü ve 1917'de Papa Benedict XV bunu "gereksiz katliam'olarak nitelendirdi. Fakat siyasi ve askeri karar vericiler neden artan kayıplara rağmen savaşmaya devam etti? Bu soru, savaşın nedenlerini ve savaşan başlıca ülkelerin nedenlerini anlamaya çalışan Historischen Kolleg tarafından düzenlenen "I. Dünya Savaşı'nın Amacı: Askeri Hedefler ve Askeri Stratejiler'in merkezinde yer almaktadır. Kitap, savaşan başlıca ülkelerin siyasi ve askeri liderlerinin umutlarını ve beklentilerini ve bu özlemlerin çatışmanın gidişatını nasıl şekillendirdiğini analiz eden on iki uluslararası uzmanı bir araya getiriyor. Yazarlar, I. Dünya Savaşı sırasında benimsenen askeri hedeflerin çatışmanın nedeni olmadığını, aksine trajediye bir amaç verme girişimi olan bir tepki olduğunu göstermektedir.
الحرب العالمية الأولى الهدف: الأهداف العسكرية والاستراتيجيات العسكرية الحرب العالمية الأولى، المعروفة أيضًا باسم الحرب العظمى، كانت واحدة من أكثر الصراعات فتكًا في تاريخ البشرية، حيث قُتل ما يقرب من أربعة عشر مليون شخص. ومع ذلك، على الرغم من العواقب المدمرة، رأى العديد من المعاصرين مذبحة لا معنى لها في الحرب، ووصفها البابا بنديكتوس الخامس عشر في عام 1917 بأنها «مذبحة غير ضرورية». لكن لماذا استمر صانعو القرار السياسي والعسكري في القتال على الرغم من تزايد الضحايا ؟ هذا السؤال هو جوهر «الغرض من الحرب العالمية الأولى: الأهداف العسكرية والاستراتيجيات العسكرية»، الذي حرره Historischen Kolleg، والذي يسعى إلى فهم أسباب الحرب ودوافع الدول المتحاربة الرئيسية. يجمع الكتاب اثني عشر خبيرًا دوليًا يحللون آمال وتوقعات القادة السياسيين والعسكريين في الدول المتحاربة الرئيسية، وكيف شكلت هذه التطلعات مسار الصراع. يظهر المؤلفون أن الأهداف العسكرية المعتمدة خلال الحرب العالمية الأولى لم تكن سبب الصراع، بل كانت رد فعل عليه - محاولة لإعطاء المأساة هدفًا، حتى لو كان ذلك يعني مواصلة النضال من أجل النصر.

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