BOOKS - The Silk Road in World History (New Oxford World History)
The Silk Road in World History (New Oxford World History) - Xinru Liu June 10, 2010 PDF  BOOKS
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The Silk Road in World History (New Oxford World History)
Author: Xinru Liu
Year: June 10, 2010
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 3.2 MB
Language: English



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The Silk Road in World History: A New Oxford World History The Silk Road, a complex network of ancient trade routes connecting East Asia with Central Asia, South Asia, and the Mediterranean world, has played a significant role in shaping the course of human history. This intricate web of exchanges emerged along the borders between agricultural China and the steppe nomads during the Han Dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE) and evolved over time, adapting to the needs and conflicts of these two distinct societies. The quest for horses, fragrances, spices, gems, glassware, and other exotic goods from the west led to the extension of the Han Empire's dominion over the oases around the Takla Makan Desert and the eventual arrival of silk all the way to the Mediterranean, either through land routes leading to the caravan city of Palmyra in Syria or by way of northwest India, the Arabian Sea, and the Red Sea, landing at Alexandria.
Шелковый путь в мировой истории: новая всемирная история Оксфорда Шелковый путь, сложная сеть древних торговых путей, соединяющих Восточную Азию с Центральной Азией, Южной Азией и Средиземноморским миром, сыграл важную роль в формировании хода человеческой истории. Эта сложная сеть обменов возникла вдоль границ между сельскохозяйственным Китаем и степными кочевниками во времена династии Хань (206 до н. э. - 220 н. э.) и развивалась с течением времени, приспосабливаясь к потребностям и конфликтам этих двух различных обществ. Поиски лошадей, ароматов, специй, драгоценных камней, стеклянной посуды и других экзотических товаров с запада привели к расширению господства империи Хань над оазисами вокруг пустыни Такла Макан и возможному прибытию шелка вплоть до Средиземного моря, либо через сухопутные пути, ведущие в караванный город Пальмира в Сирии, либо через северо-западную Индию, Аравийское море и Красное море, высадившись в Александрии.
La Route de la soie dans l'histoire mondiale : une nouvelle histoire mondiale de la Route de la soie d'Oxford, un réseau complexe d'anciennes routes commerciales reliant l'Asie de l'Est à l'Asie centrale, l'Asie du Sud et le monde méditerranéen, a joué un rôle important dans la formation du cours de l'histoire humaine. Ce réseau complexe d'échanges a émergé le long des frontières entre la Chine agricole et les nomades des steppes pendant la dynastie Han (206 av. J.-C. - 220 av. J.-C.) et s'est développé au fil du temps, s'adaptant aux besoins et aux conflits de ces deux sociétés différentes. La recherche de chevaux, de parfums, d'épices, de pierres précieuses, de verres et d'autres produits exotiques de l'ouest a conduit à l'expansion de la domination de l'empire Han sur les oasis autour du désert de Takla Makan et à l'arrivée éventuelle de soie jusqu'à la Méditerranée, ou par des routes terrestres menant à la ville caravanière de Palmyre en Syrie, ou à travers de l'Inde du nord-Ouest, en Arabie saoudite la mer d'Espagne et la mer Rouge, débarquant à Alexandrie.
La Ruta de la Seda en la historia mundial: la nueva historia mundial de Oxford La Ruta de la Seda, una compleja red de antiguas rutas comerciales que conectan Asia Oriental con Asia Central, el sur de Asia y el mundo Mediterráneo, ha desempeñado un papel importante en la configuración del curso de la historia humana. Esta compleja red de intercambios surgió a lo largo de las fronteras entre la China agrícola y los nómadas esteparios durante la dinastía Han (206 a. C. - 220 d. C.) y se desarrolló con el tiempo, adaptándose a las necesidades y conflictos de estas dos sociedades diferentes. La búsqueda de caballos, fragancias, especias, piedras preciosas, cristalería y otros bienes exóticos del oeste llevaron a la expansión del dominio del imperio Han sobre los oasis alrededor del desierto de Tacla Macan y la posible llegada de seda hasta el Mediterráneo, ya sea a través de rutas terrestres que conducen a la ciudad caravana de Palmira en ria o a través de el noroeste de la India, el mar Arábigo y el mar Rojo, desembarcando en Alejandría.
Die Seidenstraße in der Weltgeschichte: Oxfords neue Weltgeschichte Die Seidenstraße, ein komplexes Netz antiker Handelswege, die Ostasien mit Zentralasien, Südasien und der Mittelmeerwelt verbinden, hat den Lauf der Menschheitsgeschichte maßgeblich mitgestaltet. Dieses komplexe Netzwerk des Austauschs entstand entlang der Grenzen zwischen dem landwirtschaftlichen China und den Steppennomaden während der Han-Dynastie (206 v. Chr. - 220 n. Chr.) und entwickelte sich im Laufe der Zeit und passte sich den Bedürfnissen und Konflikten dieser beiden verschiedenen Gesellschaften an. Die Suche nach Pferden, Düften, Gewürzen, Edelsteinen, Glaswaren und anderen exotischen Gütern aus dem Westen führte zu einer Ausweitung der Herrschaft des Han-Reiches über die Oasen rund um die Takla-Makan-Wüste und der möglichen Ankunft von Seide bis zum Mittelmeer, entweder über Landwege, die zur Karawanenstadt Palmyra in Syrien führten, oder durch Nordwestindien, das Arabische Meer und das Rote Meer, nachdem sie gelandet waren in Alexandria.
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Dünya Tarihinde İpek Yolu: Oxford'un Yeni Dünya Tarihi Doğu Asya'yı Orta Asya, Güney Asya ve Akdeniz dünyasına bağlayan eski ticaret yollarının karmaşık bir ağı olan İpek Yolu, insanlık tarihinin gidişatını şekillendirmede önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Bu karmaşık değişim ağı, Han Hanedanlığı döneminde (MÖ 206 - MS 220) tarımsal Çin ile bozkır göçebeleri arasındaki sınırlar boyunca ortaya çıkmış ve bu iki farklı toplumun ihtiyaçlarına ve çatışmalarına uyum sağlayarak zamanla gelişmiştir. Atların, kokuların, baharatların, mücevherlerin, cam eşyaların ve diğer egzotik malların batıdan aranması, Han imparatorluğunun Takla Makan çölü çevresindeki vahalar üzerindeki egemenliğinin genişlemesine ve ipeğin Akdeniz'e kadar gelmesinin mümkün olmasına yol açtı. Suriye'deki kervan şehri Palmira'ya giden kara yollarından, Ya da kuzeybatı Hindistan, Arap Denizi ve Kızıldeniz üzerinden İskenderiye'ye iniyor.
طريق الحرير في تاريخ العالم: تاريخ العالم الجديد في أكسفورد لعب طريق الحرير، وهو شبكة معقدة من طرق التجارة القديمة التي تربط شرق آسيا بآسيا الوسطى وجنوب آسيا وعالم البحر الأبيض المتوسط، دورًا مهمًا في تشكيل مسار التاريخ البشري. نشأت هذه الشبكة المعقدة من التبادلات على طول الحدود بين الصين الزراعية والبدو الرحل خلال عهد أسرة هان (206 قبل الميلاد - 220 بعد الميلاد) وتطورت بمرور الوقت، لتتكيف مع احتياجات وصراعات هذين المجتمعين المختلفين. أدى البحث عن الخيول والروائح والتوابل والأحجار الكريمة والأواني الزجاجية وغيرها من السلع الغريبة من الغرب إلى توسيع هيمنة إمبراطورية هان على الواحات المحيطة بصحراء تاكلا كان واحتمال وصول الحرير على طول الطريق إلى البحر الأبيض المتوسط، إما عبر الطرق البرية المؤدية إلى مدينة تدمر المتنقلة في سوريا، أو عبر شمال غرب الهند وبحر العرب والبحر الأحمر، وهبطت في الإسكندرية.

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