BOOKS - The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller
The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller - Carlo Ginzburg January 1, 1976 PDF  BOOKS
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The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller
Author: Carlo Ginzburg
Year: January 1, 1976
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 16 MB
Language: English



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Through the trial records of Menocchio, Ginzburg reveals how this common man responded to the confusing political and religious conditions of his time, and how he recast the knowledge he had gained from the books he read into terms familiar to him. Menocchio was surprisingly literate, referencing over a dozen books in his trial testimony, including the Bible, Boccaccio's Decameron, Mandeville's Travels, and even a mysterious book that may have been the Koran. He applied these texts to his own understanding of the world, likening the creation of the universe to the process of making cheese and worms appearing in it as the angels. This unique perspective on the cosmos reflects the need for individuals to develop their own personal paradigm for perceiving the technological process of developing modern knowledge, as the basis for survival in a warring state.
Посредством судебных записей Меноккио Гинзбург показывает, как этот простой человек реагировал на запутанные политические и религиозные условия своего времени, и как он переоформил знания, полученные из книг, которые он читал, в знакомые ему термины. Меноккио был удивительно грамотен, ссылаясь в своих судебных показаниях на более десятка книг, включая Библию, «Декамерон» Боккаччо, «Путешествия Мандевиля» и даже на таинственную книгу, которая, возможно, была Кораном. Он применил эти тексты к собственному пониманию мира, уподобив создание вселенной процессу изготовления сыра и появления в ней червей в качестве ангелов. Этот уникальный взгляд на космос отражает необходимость развития индивидуумами собственной личностной парадигмы восприятия технологического процесса развития современных знаний, как основы выживания в воюющем государстве.
À travers les dossiers judiciaires, Menocchio Ginsburg montre comment cet homme simple a réagi aux conditions politiques et religieuses confuses de son époque, et comment il a redéfini les connaissances tirées des livres qu'il a lus en termes familiers avec lui. Menocchio était étonnamment alphabétisé, citant dans son témoignage judiciaire plus d'une douzaine de livres, dont la Bible, le « Decameron » de Boccaccio, les « Voyages de Mandeville » et même un livre mystérieux qui était peut-être Coran. Il a appliqué ces textes à sa propre compréhension du monde, comparant la création de l'univers au processus de fabrication du fromage et à l'apparition de vers en tant qu'anges. Cette vision unique de l'espace reflète la nécessité pour les individus de développer leur propre paradigme personnel de perception du processus technologique du développement des connaissances modernes, en tant que fondements de la survie dans un État en guerre.
A través de los registros judiciales, Menocchio Ginsburg muestra cómo este simple hombre reaccionó a las confusas condiciones políticas y religiosas de su tiempo, y cómo redefinió el conocimiento derivado de los libros que leía en términos que le eran familiares. Menocchio fue sorprendentemente literato, refiriéndose en su testimonio judicial a más de una docena de libros, entre ellos la Biblia, el «Decamerón» de Boccaccio, « viajes de Mandeville» e incluso al misterioso libro que pudo haber sido Corán. Aplicó estos textos a su propia comprensión del mundo, comparando la creación del universo con el proceso de hacer queso y la aparición de gusanos como ángeles en él. Esta visión única del espacio refleja la necesidad de que los individuos desarrollen su propio paradigma personal de percibir el proceso tecnológico del desarrollo del conocimiento moderno, como la base de la supervivencia en un estado en guerra.
Através de registros judiciais, Menoccio Ginsburg mostra como este homem simples respondia às confusas condições políticas e religiosas de seu tempo, e como ele redefiniu os conhecimentos obtidos a partir dos livros que ele leu para termos familiares. Menóquio foi surpreendentemente alfabetizado, referindo-se em suas declarações judiciais a mais de uma dúzia de livros, incluindo a Bíblia, «Decameron», de Boccacho, «As viagens de Mandeville» e até a um livro misterioso que pode ter sido Corão. Ele aplicou esses textos à sua própria compreensão do mundo, fazendo com que o universo criasse o processo de fabricação do queijo e o surgimento de minhocas como anjos. Esta visão única do espaço reflete a necessidade de os indivíduos desenvolverem um paradigma pessoal próprio para a percepção do processo tecnológico de desenvolvimento do conhecimento moderno, como base para a sobrevivência num estado em guerra.
Attraverso i registri legali di Menocchio, Ginsburg mostra come questo semplice uomo reagiva alle confuse condizioni politiche e religiose del suo tempo, e come ha rielaborato le conoscenze acquisite dai libri che aveva letto in termini familiari. Menocchio è stato incredibilmente educato, citando più di una dozzina di libri, tra cui la Bibbia, Il Decamerone di Boccaccio, I viaggi di Mandeville e persino il misterioso libro che potrebbe essere Corano. Egli ha applicato questi testi alla propria comprensione del mondo, facendo sì che l'universo creasse un processo di formaggio e facesse emergere i vermi come angeli. Questa visione unica dello spazio riflette la necessità per gli individui di sviluppare il proprio paradigma personale di percezione del processo tecnologico di sviluppo della conoscenza moderna come base di sopravvivenza in uno stato in guerra.
Durch Gerichtsakten zeigt Menocchio Ginsburg, wie dieser einfache Mann auf die verwirrenden politischen und religiösen Bedingungen seiner Zeit reagierte und wie er das aus den Büchern, die er las, gewonnene Wissen in ihm vertraute Begriffe umformulierte. Menocchio war bemerkenswert kompetent und bezog sich in seinen Gerichtsaussagen auf mehr als ein Dutzend Bücher, darunter die Bibel, Boccaccios Decameron, Mandevilles Reisen und sogar ein mysteriöses Buch, das möglicherweise der Koran war. Er wandte diese Texte auf sein eigenes Verständnis der Welt an und verglich die Schöpfung des Universums mit dem Prozess der Käseherstellung und dem Auftreten von Würmern als Engel. Diese einzigartige cht des Kosmos spiegelt die Notwendigkeit wider, dass Individuen ihr eigenes persönliches Paradigma der Wahrnehmung des technologischen Prozesses der Entwicklung des modernen Wissens als Grundlage des Überlebens in einem kriegführenden Staat entwickeln.
W aktach sądowych Menocchio Ginsburg pokazuje, jak ten prosty człowiek zareagował na skomplikowane warunki polityczne i religijne swoich czasów i jak ponownie wykorzystał wiedzę zdobytą z książek, które czytał na znane mu warunki. Menocchio był niezwykłym literatem, powołując się w swoich świadectwach sądowych na kilkanaście książek, w tym Biblię, „Decameron” Boccaccio, „Podróże Mandeville”, a nawet tajemniczą księgę, która mogła być Koranem. Te teksty zastosował do własnego zrozumienia świata, przyrównując stworzenie wszechświata do procesu tworzenia sera i pojawienia się w nim robaków jako aniołów. Ten niepowtarzalny pogląd na przestrzeń kosmiczną odzwierciedla potrzebę rozwijania przez jednostki własnego osobistego paradygmatu postrzegania technologicznego procesu rozwijania nowoczesnej wiedzy jako podstawy do przetrwania w stanie wojennym.
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Mahkeme kayıtları aracılığıyla Menocchio Ginsburg, bu basit adamın zamanının karmaşık siyasi ve dini koşullarına nasıl tepki verdiğini ve okuduğu kitaplardan edindiği bilgileri kendisine tanıdık gelen terimlere nasıl yeniden aktardığını gösteriyor. Menocchio, mahkemede verdiği ifadede İncil, Boccaccio'nun "Decameron", "Mandeville'in Seyahatleri've hatta Kuran olabilecek gizemli bir kitap da dahil olmak üzere bir düzineden fazla kitaba atıfta bulundu. Bu metinleri kendi dünya anlayışına uyguladı, evrenin yaratılışını peynir yapma sürecine ve içindeki solucanların melek gibi görünmesine benzetti. Bu eşsiz mekan görüşü, bireylerin modern bilgiyi geliştirmenin teknolojik sürecini savaşan bir durumda hayatta kalmanın temeli olarak algılamak için kendi kişisel paradigmalarını geliştirme ihtiyacını yansıtmaktadır.
من خلال سجلات المحكمة، يوضح مينوكيو جينسبيرغ كيف كان رد فعل هذا الرجل البسيط على الظروف السياسية والدينية المعقدة في عصره، وكيف أعاد إصدار المعرفة المكتسبة من الكتب التي قرأها إلى مصطلحات مألوفة له. كان مينوكيو متعلمًا بشكل ملحوظ، مشيرًا في شهادته في المحكمة إلى أكثر من عشرة كتب، بما في ذلك الكتاب المقدس، و «ديكاميرون» لبوكاتشيو، و «رحلات ماندفيل»، وحتى كتاب غامض ربما كان القرآن. طبق هذه النصوص على فهمه الخاص للعالم، وشبه خلق الكون بعملية صنع الجبن وظهور الديدان فيه كملائكة. تعكس هذه النظرة الفريدة للفضاء حاجة الأفراد إلى تطوير نموذجهم الشخصي الخاص لتصور العملية التكنولوجية لتطوير المعرفة الحديثة كأساس للبقاء في حالة حرب.
通過法庭記錄,Menocchio Ginsburg展示了這個普通人如何應對他那個時代錯綜復雜的政治和宗教條件,以及他如何將從他閱讀的書籍中獲得的知識重新定義為他熟悉的術語。梅諾基奧(Menocchio)出人意料地識字,在法庭證詞中提到了十幾本書,包括聖經,博卡喬(Boccaccio)的「Decameron」,曼德維爾(Mandeville)的旅行,甚至是一本可能是古蘭經的神秘書。他將這些文本應用於他自己對世界的理解,將宇宙的創造比作制作奶酪的過程以及蠕蟲作為天使出現在其中。這種獨特的空間觀點反映了個人需要發展自己的個人範式,即將現代知識的發展過程視為交戰國生存的基礎。

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