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Out of Steam Dieselization and American Railroad, 1920-1960 - Jeffrey W. Schramm 2010 PDF Lehigh University Press BOOKS TECHNOLOGY
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Out of Steam Dieselization and American Railroad, 1920-1960
Author: Jeffrey W. Schramm
Year: 2010
Format: PDF
File size: 114,1 MB
Language: ENG



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Book Description: Out of Steam: Dieselization and the American Railroad, 1920-1960 In this captivating book, Jeffrey W. Schramm delves into the transformation of the American railroad industry during the mid-twentieth century, exploring the shift from steam locomotives to diesel engines and its profound impact on the industry, business practices, and communities across the country. The book examines the development of diesel technology, the reasons behind the adoption of diesel by individual railroads, and the far-reaching consequences of this change on the railroad industry, society, and the environment. Plot Summary: The story begins in the early 1920s, when the railroad industry was facing declining passenger traffic and increasing competition from automobiles and airplanes. To adapt to these challenges, railroads began experimenting with new technologies, including the diesel locomotive. As the diesel engine proved more efficient and reliable than steam, railroads gradually replaced their steam locomotives with diesels, leading to a fundamental shift in the industry's operations and culture.
Out of Steam: Dieselization and the American Railroad, 1920-1960 В этой увлекательной книге Джеффри Шрамм углубляется в трансформацию американской железнодорожной отрасли в середине двадцатого века, исследуя переход от паровозов к дизельным двигателям и его глубокое влияние на промышленность, бизнес-практику и сообщества по всей стране. В книге рассматриваются развитие дизельных технологий, причины принятия дизеля отдельными железными дорогами и далеко идущие последствия этого изменения для железнодорожной отрасли, общества и окружающей среды. Сюжет: история начинается в начале 1920-х годов, когда железнодорожная отрасль столкнулась со снижением пассажиропотока и растущей конкуренцией со стороны автомобилей и самолетов. Чтобы адаптироваться к этим вызовам, железные дороги начали экспериментировать с новыми технологиями, в том числе с тепловозом. Поскольку дизельный двигатель оказался более эффективным и надёжным, чем паровой, железные дороги постепенно заменяли свои паровозы дизелями, что привело к фундаментальному сдвигу в работе и культуре отрасли.
Out of Steam : Dieselization and the American Railroad, 1920-1960 Dans ce livre fascinant, Jeffrey Schramm s'attarde sur la transformation de l'industrie ferroviaire américaine au milieu du XXe siècle, explorant la transition des locomotives à vapeur vers les moteurs diesel et son impact profond sur l'industrie, les pratiques commerciales et les communautés à travers du pays. livre examine le développement des technologies diesel, les raisons de l'adoption du diesel par certains chemins de fer et les conséquences profondes de ce changement pour l'industrie ferroviaire, la société et l'environnement. L'histoire commence au début des années 1920, lorsque l'industrie ferroviaire est confrontée à une baisse du trafic de passagers et à une concurrence croissante des voitures et des avions. Pour s'adapter à ces défis, les chemins de fer ont commencé à expérimenter de nouvelles technologies, y compris la locomotive thermique. Comme le moteur diesel s'est avéré plus efficace et plus fiable que le moteur à vapeur, les chemins de fer ont progressivement remplacé leurs trains par des diesel, ce qui a entraîné un changement fondamental dans le travail et la culture de l'industrie.
Out of Steam: Dieselization and the American Railroad, 1920-1960 In questo affascinante libro Geoffrey Schramm approfondisce la trasformazione del settore ferroviario americano a metà del ventesimo secolo, esplorando la transizione dai trenini ai motori diesel e il suo profondo impatto sull'industria, le pratiche aziendali e le comunità di tutto il paese. Il libro affronta lo sviluppo della tecnologia diesel, le ragioni per cui il diesel è stato adottato da singole ferrovie e le enormi conseguenze di questo cambiamento per il settore ferroviario, la società e l'ambiente. La storia inizia all'inizio degli annì 20, quando il settore ferroviario ha affrontato una diminuzione dei flussi di passeggeri e una crescente concorrenza da parte di automobili e aerei. Per adattarsi a queste sfide, le ferrovie hanno iniziato a sperimentare nuove tecnologie, tra cui il motore termico. Poiché il motore diesel è stato più efficiente e affidabile del vapore, le ferrovie hanno progressivamente sostituito le loro locomotive con i diesel, causando un cambiamento fondamentale nel lavoro e nella cultura del settore.
Out of Steam: Dieselisierung und die amerikanische Eisenbahn, 1920-1960 In diesem fesselnden Buch geht Jeffrey Schramm auf die Transformation der amerikanischen Eisenbahnindustrie in der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts ein und untersucht den Übergang von Dampflokomotiven zu Dieselmotoren und seine tiefgreifenden Auswirkungen auf Industrie, Geschäftspraktiken und Gemeinden im ganzen Land. Das Buch untersucht die Entwicklung der Dieseltechnologie, die Gründe für die Akzeptanz des Diesels durch die einzelnen Eisenbahnen und die weitreichenden Auswirkungen dieses Wandels auf die Bahnindustrie, die Gesellschaft und die Umwelt. Die Geschichte beginnt in den frühen 1920er Jahren, als die Eisenbahnindustrie mit einem Rückgang des Personenverkehrs und wachsender Konkurrenz durch Autos und Flugzeuge konfrontiert war. Um sich diesen Herausforderungen anzupassen, begann die Bahn mit neuen Technologien zu experimentieren, auch mit einer Diesellok. Da sich der Dieselmotor als effizienter und zuverlässiger als der Dampfmotor erwies, ersetzten die Eisenbahnen ihre Dampflokomotiven nach und nach durch Dieselmotoren, was zu einem grundlegenden Wandel in der Arbeit und Kultur der Branche führte.
Out of Steam: Dieselization and the American Railroad, 1920-1960 בספר מרתק זה, ג 'פרי שרם מתעמק בשינוי תעשיית הרכבות האמריקאית באמצע המאה ה-20, חוקר את המעבר מקטר קיטור למנועי דיזל ואת השפעתו העמוקה על התעשייה, המנהגים העסקיים והקהילות ברחבי הארץ. הספר בוחן את התפתחות טכנולוגיית הדיזל, את הסיבות לאימוץ הסולר על ידי רכבות בודדות ואת ההשפעות מרחיקות הלכת של שינוי זה על תעשיית הרכבות, החברה והסביבה. עלילה: הסיפור מתחיל בתחילת שנות ה-20 של המאה ה-20, כאשר תעשיית הרכבות התמודדה עם ירידה במספר הרכבות והגברת התחרות ממכוניות ומטוסים. כדי להסתגל לאתגרים אלה, החלו מסילות הברזל להתנסות בטכנולוגיות חדשות, כולל קטר הדיזל. מאחר שמנוע הדיזל היה יעיל ואמין יותר ממנוע הקיטור, בהדרגה החליפו מסילות הברזל את קטרי הקיטור במנועי דיזל, דבר שהוביל לשינוי מהותי בעבודה ובתרבות של התעשייה.''
Buharın Dışında: Dizelleşme ve Amerikan Demiryolu, 1920-1960 Bu büyüleyici kitapta Jeffrey Schramm, yirminci yüzyılın ortalarında Amerikan demiryolu endüstrisinin dönüşümünü, buharlı lokomotiflerden dizel motorlara geçişi ve bunun endüstri, iş uygulamaları ve ülke genelindeki topluluklar üzerindeki derin etkisini araştırıyor. Kitap, dizel teknolojisinin gelişimini, dizelin bireysel demiryolları tarafından benimsenmesinin nedenlerini ve bu değişimin demiryolu endüstrisi, toplum ve çevre üzerindeki geniş kapsamlı etkilerini incelemektedir. Hikaye, demiryolu endüstrisinin azalan yolcu sayısı ve otomobil ve uçaklardan kaynaklanan artan rekabetle karşı karşıya kaldığı 1920'lerin başında başlıyor. Bu zorluklara uyum sağlamak için, demiryolları dizel lokomotif de dahil olmak üzere yeni teknolojileri denemeye başladı. Dizel motorun buhar motorundan daha verimli ve güvenilir olduğu ortaya çıktığından, demiryolları yavaş yavaş buharlı lokomotiflerini dizel motorlarla değiştirdi ve bu da endüstrinin çalışma ve kültüründe köklü bir değişime yol açtı.
خارج البخار: الديزل والسكك الحديدية الأمريكية، 1920-1960 في هذا الكتاب الرائع، يتعمق جيفري شرام في تحويل صناعة السكك الحديدية الأمريكية في منتصف القرن العشرين، ويستكشف الانتقال من القاطرات البخارية إلى محركات الديزل وتأثيرها العميق على الصناعة والممارسات التجارية والمجتمعات المحلية في جميع أنحاء البلد. يبحث الكتاب في تطوير تكنولوجيا الديزل، وأسباب اعتماد السكك الحديدية الفردية للديزل والآثار بعيدة المدى لهذا التغيير على صناعة السكك الحديدية والمجتمع والبيئة. الحبكة: تبدأ القصة في أوائل عشرينيات القرن الماضي، عندما واجهت صناعة السكك الحديدية انخفاضًا في عدد الركاب وزيادة المنافسة من السيارات والطائرات. للتكيف مع هذه التحديات، بدأت السكك الحديدية في تجربة التقنيات الجديدة، بما في ذلك قاطرة الديزل. منذ أن تبين أن محرك الديزل أكثر كفاءة وموثوقية من المحرك البخاري، استبدلت السكك الحديدية تدريجياً قاطراتها البخارية بمحركات الديزل، مما أدى إلى تحول أساسي في عمل وثقافة الصناعة.
증기 중: Dieselization and American Railroad, 1920-1960 년 제프리 슈람 (Jeffrey Schramm) 은이 매혹적인 책에서 20 세기 중반 미국 철도 산업의 변화를 탐구하여 증기 기관차에서 디젤 엔진으로의 전환 및 전국의 산업, 사업 관행 및 지역. 이 책은 디젤 기술의 개발, 개별 철도에 의한 디젤 채택 이유 및 철도 산업, 사회 및 환경에 대한 이러한 변화의 광범위한 영향을 조사합니다. 줄거리: 이 이야기는 철도 산업이 탑승객 수를 줄이고 자동차와 비행기와의 경쟁이 치열 해지는 1920 년대 초에 시작됩니다. 이러한 과제에 적응하기 위해 철도는 디젤 기관차를 포함한 새로운 기술을 실험하기 시작했습니다. 디젤 엔진은 증기 엔진보다 효율적이고 신뢰할 수있는 것으로 판명 되었기 때문에 철도는 점차 증기 기관차를 디젤 엔진으로 교체하여 업계의 업무와 문화에 근본적인 변화를 가져 왔습니다.
Out of Steam: Dieselization and the American Railroad、 1920-1960この魅力的な本では、ジェフリー・シュラムは20世紀半ばのアメリカの鉄道産業の変革を掘り下げ、蒸気機関車からディーゼル機関車への移行と産業への重大な影響を探求しますそして全国のコミュニティ。本書は、ディーゼル技術の発展、個々の鉄道によるディーゼルの採用の理由、そしてこの変化が鉄道産業、社会、環境に及ぼす影響について考察する。プロット:物語は1920代初頭に始まり、鉄道産業が減少し、自動車や飛行機との競争が激化した。これらの課題に適応するため、鉄道はディーゼル機関車を含む新技術の実験を開始した。ディーゼルエンジンは蒸気機関よりも効率的で信頼性が高いことが判明したため、鉄道は次第に蒸気機関車をディーゼルエンジンに置き換え、産業の仕事と文化の根本的な転換をもたらした。
Out of Steam:Dieselization and the American Railroad, 1920-1960在這本引人入勝的書中,Jeffrey Schramm深入探討了20世紀中葉美國鐵路行業的轉型,探討了從蒸汽機車到柴油發動機的轉變及其對全國工業、商業實踐和社區的影響。該書探討了柴油技術的發展,單個鐵路采用柴油的原因以及這種變化對鐵路行業,社會和環境的深遠影響。情節:故事始於1920代初,當時鐵路行業面臨客運量下降以及汽車和飛機競爭加劇的問題。為了適應這些挑戰,鐵路開始嘗試新技術,包括柴油機車。由於柴油發動機被證明比蒸汽發動機更有效,更可靠,因此鐵路逐漸用柴油代替了蒸汽機車,從而從根本上改變了行業的工作和文化。

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